BudgIT, in its fiscal sustainabilty report has said that Rivers state occupies the number one position on the index, followed by Anambra, Ogun and Lagos.
Among the States that are not fiscally sustainable, Bayelsa, Osun, Ekiti and Plateau occupy the least positions.
BudgIT is a civic advocacy society that uses technology to intersect citizen-engagement with improved governance.
The 2020 edition of BudgiT’s annual States of States report is titled ‘Fiscal Sustainability and Epidemic Preparedness Financing at the State level’. This report is BudgIT’s signature analysis that provides policy makers with robust insights on ways to implement financial and institutional reforms that will improve states’ fiscal performance and sustainability level.
BudgiT said, without a doubt, soaring debt burden, imprudent fiscal planning, and nearly a decade of misplaced expenditure priorities have beaten a clear path to fiscal crisis for many Nigerian states.
BudgIT’s Research Lead, Abel Akeni said, “This is veritably evident in our just released 2020 Fiscal Sustainability Index where some states rank higher than others and most are still below the sustainability point. Rivers state occupies the number one position on the index, followed by Anambra, Ogun and Lagos. Among the States that are not fiscally sustainable, Bayelsa, Osun, Ekiti and Plateau occupy the least positions.
“From our 2020 State of States analysis, 13 states were unable to fund their recurrent expenditure obligations together with their loan repayment schedules due in 2019 with their respective total revenues. The worst hit of these 13 states are – Oyo, Kogi, Osun and Ekiti States while the other states on this pendulum are Plateau, Adamawa, Bauchi, Gombe, Cross River, Benue, Taraba and Abia.
“Furthermore, of the remaining 23 states that can meet recurrent expenditure and loan repayment schedules with their total revenue, 8 of those states had really low (less than N6billion) excess revenue, that they had to borrow heavily to fund their capital projects. The worst hit are Zamfara, Ondo and Kwara who had N782.45million, N788.22million and N1.48billion left, respectively.
“Based on their fiscal analysis, only five states Rivers, Kaduna, Akwa Ibom, Ebonyi and Kebbi states – prioritised capital expenditure over recurrent obligations while thirty-one states prioritised recurrent expenditure according to their 2019 financial statements.
“Recurrent expenditures are not necessarily a bad thing, especially when skewed towards sectors like Health and Education. However, 9 of the states in this category had overhead costs that were larger than their capital expenditures. These states are: Ekiti, Kogi, Kano, Plateau, Kwara, Nasarawa, Taraba, Adamawa and Benue,” he said.
All 36 states’ debts surged by 162.87per cent (N3.34trillion), from N2.05trillion in 2014 to N5.39trillionn in 2019, with 10 states accounting for approximately half or N1.68trillion of this increase. Seven of these states are from the South while three are from the North.
BudgIT’s Communications Lead, Damilola Ogundipe said, “To achieve fiscal sustainability, states need to grow their IGR as options for borrowing are reduced due to debt ceilings put in place by the Federal Government to prevent states from slipping into a debt crisis. There has to be a shift from the culture of states’ overdependence on Federal Account Allocation Committee (FAAC).“
On sub-national epidemic preparedness, he said it is important for states to prioritize health financing especially on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH).
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“While COVID-19 has garnered major attention in the last few months, it is worthy of note that states are currently battling at least 6 other deadly diseases which already have vaccines or known treatment. In 2019, all 36 states recorded 94,500 cases of the deadly Cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM), measles, lassa fever, yellow fever, monkeypox and cholera combined. It is in the self interests of State Governments to grow their Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) and also invest in appropriate health systems through their budgets and other sustainable methods
BudgIT’s Principal Lead, Gabriel Okeowo, noted that though some States have seen some improvement in their IGR between 2014 and 2019, there is still a need to put systems in place for aggressive IGR growth within the subnational economies, especially as falling crude oil prices, OPEC production cuts and other COVID-19 induced headwinds are set to impact Federal Allocations over the next two years. This paints a bleak outlook for Nigerian states who depend on FAAC allocation for their survival, even though dwindling revenue will affect all states differently.
Three states – Bayelsa, Borno and Katsina – will be worst hit by dwindling revenue as they relied on Net FAAC for 89.56per cent, 88.30per cent and 88.16per cent of their total revenues, respectively in 2019.
Lagos, Ogun and Rivers state will be least affected as they relied on Net FAAC for only 22.82per cent, 35.31per cent and 53.02 per cent of their total revenues, respectively.
